Bee Kinds Range
Out of 2009 to help you 2018, 192 bee species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) had been caught within the Calanques Federal Playground via one another websites and you can pan trap choices. They belonged in order to half dozen group and you may 38 genera. Megachilidae is actually one particular variety-steeped nearest and dearest, accompanied by Apidae and Halictidae, which have 53, 44, and you may 43 species, correspondingly. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 was the newest wealthiest genus, having 33 varieties, while eight genera was basically represented by only one types (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Dining table 1 [on the web simply] ). With the jackknife step 1 and you may 2 spiders, the bee varieties richness try projected becoming anywhere between ± 9.89 and ± . The brand new seen richness therefore portrayed 71.3 to help you 79.6% of the projected bee richness ( Dining table dos). The new Chao1 strategy estimated the fresh new noticed fullness to get 76.8% of one’s prospective restrict richness ( Table dos). The most numerous types is actually Apis mellifera L. (276 somebody), accompanied by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and 168 people, respectively), and you may Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 anybody). In the end, fifty kinds (26%) was basically illustrated by the only 1 private (singletons).
Environment Attributes away from Bees
Concerning your ecological faculties out-of nesting preferences, i known 59 solitary bee variety nesting above crushed, ninety five single bee varieties nesting below ground and you can 23 cleptoparasitic species, add up to 31.seven, 47.nine, and you will a dozen.0% of overall bee varieties richness, respectively. I detected four personal types (bumble bees and honey bees-dos.1%). Finally, this new nesting choices from 14 kinds are nevertheless unknown (eight.3%- Supp Table 1 [on the web merely] ). Concerning your flowery diet plan of bee types, we learned that 105 varieties (54.7%) foraged with the numerous plant kinds (we.e., generalist types, polylectic) and you may 51 species (26.5%) foraged on a single bush family relations otherwise one to/partners bush variety (i.e., specialist varieties, oligolectic). With the remaining 36 bee variety (18.8%), the new floral eating plan wasn’t recognized (age.g., getting cleptoparasitic kinds). However, most generalist types displayed an inclination for 1 otherwise a number of plant household ( Supp Table step one [on the web simply] ). Toward 49 singletons, fourteen bee species (28%) was gurus, and you can 9 bee variety (18%) was in fact cleptoparasitic ( Supp Dining table step 1 [online just] ).
A keen IUCN position are available for 178 species (leaving out new variety buildings and as yet not known varieties). Those types of, 47 kinds was in fact classified given that study lacking (DD-twenty-six.4%), 124 variety was basically the very least alarmed (LC-69.6%), half dozen varieties have been close endangered (NT-3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you can L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and another variety was thought threatened (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Desk 1 [on the web simply] ). Three oligolectic variety was in fact among the many seven threatened bee kinds. A. ovatula and you may C. albomaculatus try specialist towards Fabaceae, D. argentata is actually a professional for the Caprifoliaceae.
Of 2009 to help you 2018, 38 types of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) have been trapped during the Calanques Federal Playground. They belonged in order to 24 genera ( Supp Desk 2 [on the web merely] ). The absolute most abundant genera had been Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 somebody), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 someone), and Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville in Latreille, 1828 (thirteen anybody), whereas 20 variety (53%) was illustrated by only one individual ( Supp Dining table 2 [on line simply] ). The newest bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was basically depicted from the 20 variety, as well as five singletons (25%) ( Supp Dining table 3 [on line just] mamba promo code ). The brand new estimation out-of overall varieties richness out of hover flies and you may bee flies are anywhere between 83 and 97 varieties by using the jackknife step one and you may 2 spiders, respectively. For that reason, the newest seen richness depicted 59.8–69.9% of your own projected hover fly and you may bee fly fullness ( Dining table 2).